Snell's Law
When light refracts from one medium to another, the ratio of sine of the angles is equal to the ratio of refractive index of each corresponding medium.
Snell's Law implies that light, when refracting from one medium to another, takes the shortest path.
We can show by differentiation that when the light takes the shortest path, it obeys Snell's Law, verifying the 400-year-old law discovered by the Dutch astronomer and mathematician.
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